Of those, 27 patients belonged to the 0.1% azelastine group, 28 patients to the 0.02% azelastine group and 26 patients to the placebo group (Fig. The reduction in virus load over the entire treatment period was clinically meaningful for all three groups (p<0.0001 for both genes). Vitiello, A., Ferrara, F., Troiano, V. & La Porta, R. COVID-19 vaccines and decreased transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, antibody therapy (bamlanivimab and etesevimab) in positively tested, non-hospitalized patients demonstrated that treatment resulted in decreased SARS-CoV-2 viral load by log100.57 on day 11, which was significantly greater compared to placebo (p=0.01)33. About 388 participants were included in the study Odhar, H. A. et al. Suitable for Comirnaty is also authorized . Scientists hope nasal vaccines will help halt Covid transmission The trial medication (placebo nasal spray, 0.02% azelastine nasal spray or 0.1% azelastine nasal spray (the latter being identically composed as the commercial anti-allergic product Pollival) was manufactured at URSAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH, Saarbruecken, Germany). Because we get infected with SARS-CoV-2 primarily by breathing it in, a nasal spray might be an easy and efficient way to offer protection against the virus, especially in crowded places. Wiesmller (health authorities Cologne, Germany) for his support regarding regulatory issues, PD Dr. E. Raskopf for editorial assistance, and H. Papp for her assistance in PCR control experiments. contributed to the study conceptualisation. were investigators involved in the conduct of the study. Objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of Carragelose nasal and throat spray in reducing the rate, severity, and duration of COVID-19 infections. was the deputy investigator. Xylitol Based Nasal Spray for COVID-19 Treatment The current study demonstrated a gradual decrease of patients symptoms and improvements of quality of life. Associate Professor Peter Friedland, from UWA's Medical School, was lead author of the study In vivo . These devices release a low-velocity aerosol mist that can be slowly inhaled over a longer period of time than metered dose and dry powder inhalers. A study led by an expert from The University of Western Australia has found a virus-killing nasal spray could be effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19. More information about the results of the study, which was funded in part by NIAID. Performance of self-collected saliva testing compared with nasopharyngeal swab testing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The sprays generally require multiple doses per day, whereas a single dose of a nasal vaccine may protect for months, he said. and B.S. SARS-CoV-2 infection progression starts with viral entrance mediated by the spike glycoproteins interaction with the host ACE2 receptor molecule. Interestingly, significantly greater decrease in viral load was shown on day 4 of treatment in patients with high viral burden (Ct<25) treated with 0.1% azelastine compared to placebo, indicating that azelastine treatment may be advantageous for this patient population, particularly at an early timepoint of infection. KaplanMeier analysis results regarding the ORF 1a/b gene from baseline (day 1) until day 11 of treatment (ITT analysis set). Since the start of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several independent research groups revealed azelastines potential as a promising candidate for drug repurposing to reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infection rates5,6,7,8,9,10. Area under the curve (AUC) reflecting changes in viral copy numbers (log10 cp/mL) from baseline (day 1) over time (until day 11) based on the ORF 1a/b gene (ITT analysis set). https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30354-4 (2020). Approval of the study by the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) was given on 3rd February 2021. Early negativization of SARS-CoV-2 infection by nasal spray of seawater plus additives: The RENAISSANCE open-label controlled clinical trial. The first administration of the nasal spray was carried out in the presence of the investigator; products were subsequently self-administered for 11days (treatment phase). https://doi.org/10.1089/088318703322751327 (2004). was the principal investigator responsible for the conduct of the study, M.G. For pairwise comparisons between treatment groups, Mann Whitney U test was performed, and significance levels were adjusted to p<0.0167 based on the Bonferroni correction. 6). Expert. Klussmann, J. P. et al. Jean, F. (2022). Thank you for visiting nature.com. By blocking that access, compounds that target TMPRSS2 have the potential to be effective against both current and future variants. The reduction in the symptom score was clinically relevant for all three groups. On Day 8, 5 of the 27 (18.5%) and 6 of the 28 (21.4%) patients in the 0.1% azelastine and 0.02% azelastine groups, respectively were negative for the ORF1a/b gene, compared to the 0 of 26 patients in the placebo group. The team will enrol 480 healthworkers, including nurses and doctors . Components are mixed from two chambers to create the final NO-producing formulation. Viruses 13, 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13050895 (2021). PDF Effect of nasal carriage of Bacillus species on COVID-19 severity: A H.S. Absolute changes of total symptom scores from baseline (day 1) until day 11 of treatment (ITT analysis set). Symptoms were documented in patient diaries. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41401-020-00556-6 (2020). PDF Effect of nasal carriage of Bacillus species on COVID-19 severity: A 76, 469475. JPK and CL have received grants from the sponsor URSAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH for performing this trial. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) PubMed Central 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany, Jens Peter Klussmann,Maria Grosheva,Paula Aguiar de Arago,Henning Morr&Helal Al Saleh, URSAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH, Industriestrae 35, 66129, Saarbruecken, Germany, Peter Meiser,Michael Flegel,Frank Holzer,Dorothea Gro,Charlotte Steinmetz&Barbara Scherer, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. All authors contributed to the preparation of the manuscript, read and approved the manuscript. The company led byMkel is now working to secure funding for clinical trials of TriSb92 in humans.. IGM-6268. TMPRSS2 is a protein in mouse and human cells that SARS-CoV-2 uses as a gateway to infect humans. During visits, nasopharyngeal swabs were taken for quantitative PCR measurements, and investigators assessed the patient status in accordance with the WHO clinical progression scale11. The median/mean viral load value (ORF 1a/b gene) of the ITT analysis set at enrolment was log10 7.23/6.851.31 cp/mL (approximately 7 million viral copies per mL, the highest values being~540 million cp/mL). Whether the current data can be extrapolated to other SARS-CoV-2 variants needs to be investigated. PubMed Researchers at Swansea University will begin human trials this week following a successful study suggests the 5.99 remedy, Dual Defence, could help reduce infections thanks to its special ingredient - seaweed . In a highly relevant and translational in vitro model using reconstituted human nasal tissue, a fivefold diluted commercially available azelastine nasal spray solution inhibited viral replication almost completely within 72h after SARS-CoV-2 infection10. From hydroxychloroquine and veterinarian doses of the antiparasitic drug ivermectin, questionableand potentially harmfultreatments for COVID-19 have circulated the internet. Thus, it should be kept in mind that treatment started at a time point where the peak of viral load had probably passed. It was assumed that all treatment groups present identical baseline virus load at enrolment with a mean value of 5.5 log10 copies/mL3 SD13,14. These agents essentially trick the virus by changing the structure of the outside of cells, so they look like a virus has already fused to them. For hygiene reasons, it is preferable not to share the same nasal spray with other people. In a study examining the effect of azelastine nasal spray on upper respiratory infections in children, it was found that the placebo group, receiving hypertonic saline solution (twice daily) also produced a favourable response compared to those receiving no treatment31. Quality of life was assessed with the SF-36 questionnaire as no COVID-19 specific patient-reported outcome measures were available at the time of study. P eople who receive a Covid booster dose in the UK next month will be among the first in the world to receive Moderna's dual-variant vaccine, which protects against two strains of the virus.But . HG, MS, and FK declare no conflict of interest. drafted the manuscript. Trials under way to see if Boots nasal spray can prevent Covid-19 By application of a novel computational approach based on Shannon entropy homology, Konrat et al. A nasal and mouth spray called "IGM-6268" is in the early stages of clinical trials. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32546-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32546-z. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Nasal vaccines for COVID-19 offer hope and face hurdles - Science News Nasal defence sprays Products such as Vicks First Defence nasal spray claim to trap and neutralise viruses in the nose before they have a chance to develop and spread. The preventive application of a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose nasal spray showed promising results in an observational survey, indicating that it may reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection rates19. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. KaplanMeier survival analyses with log-rank test were performed to display the occurrence of negative PCR test results upon treatment. For clarity reason, only cp/mL values of the ORF 1a/b gene are shown in the main text of the manuscript. Recent publications indicating that in vitro infectivity correlates with high virus concentrations (Ct25) in nasal swabs28,29,30 underline the importance of analysis of this subset population. Coronavirus: how to protect yourself and others, plus what - Which? Kalle Saksela, MD, PhD, virologist, University of Helsinki, Nature Communications: Intranasal trimeric sherpabody inhibits SARS-CoV-2 including recent immunoevasive Omicron subvariants.. The current study was a randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Drug Resist. Following translocation from nucleus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the sigma-1 receptor (among other factors) plays a role in viral replication. It can be used to help return your sense of smell if it was lost during a viral infection or minor head trauma. & Ware, J. Of note, in vitro tests carried out prior to the current study did not indicate any interaction between the study products and the PCR reaction (see supplementary PCR data). Now, researchers at Swansea University will test Boots' Dual Defence Nasal Spray, which costs 5.99 for 20ml, against Covid-19. During the throes of the COVID-19 pandemic, Anne Moscona didnt feel safe going to a restaurant or catching a flight. Bearing in mind the low number of participants in the current proof-of-concept study, the results still build a promising foundation for a currently running phase III study, during which effects of azelastine nasal spray on symptom severity and progression to severe COVID-19 disease are investigated in a greater patient population. The current proof-of-concept study served to investigate if nasally applied azelastine may have the potential to reduce the viral load (via blocking viral entry and viral replication) in patients tested positively for SARS-CoV-2. JAMA 325, 632644. CAS Nature, 10.1038/s41586-022-04661-w. Advance online publication. and JavaScript. Internet Explorer). PubMed 48.9% (n=44) of the safety analysis set was male, and the average age was 35.6712.94years. CAS Jain, R. & Mujwar, S. Repurposing metocurine as main protease inhibitor to develop novel antiviral therapy for COVID-19. Subgroups were analysed exploratorily (e.g., subgroups regarding gender, age, symptom severity, etc.). Patients aged 18 to 60years were eligible to participate if tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in a Corona test centre by PCR test within 48h prior to inclusion and had to quarantine at home due to instructions of the local health authority. The active substance (azelastine hydrochloride) is a histamine-1 receptor antagonist, which shows anti-inflammatory effects via mast cell stabilization and inhibition of leukotriene and pro-inflammatory cytokine production2,3,4. Boots UK - Swansea University Research Study of NHS Frontline Workers Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. 15, 75297536. Commun. Boots cold and flu nasal spray that costs just 6 could stop - The Sun Data on virus variants was available for 59 patients and 54 (92%) of those carried the alpha (B.1.1.7) variant. Multinomial regression analysis was done to 26 determine the association between nasal carriage of Bacillus and COVID-19 severity after 27 adjusting for age, sex, and co-morbidity status. was responsible for data management activities. It was more effective against the virus, though, when given before infection rather than after, perhaps due to the initial establishment of the infection," the researchers note. H.G., M.S., and F.K. Boots Dual Defence, which contains Carragelose, a patented version of iota-carrageenan, is already clinically proven to help shorten the duration and severity of cold and flu-like symptoms,[ii] and new in-vitro (test tube) laboratory study results suggest that Carragelose could also reduce the risk of an infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus which 16, 275282. The physical and mental health summary scores of the SF-36 questionnaire improved during the course of the treatment without statistical differences between groups (data not shown). When given in advance, none of the treated mice had SARS-CoV-2 RNA in their lungs, while untreated mice in the comparison group had abundant levels. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. Hypromellose-based nasal spray solution containing human IgG1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody cocktail is a medical device innovated to provide the dual-action physical barrier on nasal mucosa that aids the natural defence in which the mucus layer is fortified by a steric barrier-forming agent HPMC and invading viral particles of all major SARS-CoV-2 Hamasaki, Y. et al. By Dr. Ramya Dwivedi, Ph.D. Jul 19 2021. Patients were assigned a treatment number in an ascending mode according to their chronological order of inclusion. Because N-0385 was suitable for use as a nasal spray, researchers used a mouse model that develops severe COVID-19 and gave the mice either N-0385 or control doses of saline in their noses. 384, 671673. It should be noted that the SARS-CoV-2 alpha variant (B.1.1.7) was the dominant variant in Germany during the enrolment phase of the current study16. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.8.5.701 (2007). . New methods of fast-acting COVID-19 prevention are being researched to make it safer to be in large public gatherings like sporting events or concerts. Nat. Asthma inhalers: Which one's right for you? - Mayo Clinic 00:00. At the end of the study, patients and investigators assessed the overall tolerability and efficacy of the treatment as very good (3), good (2), moderate (1) or poor (0). What scientists say. But vaccines are fighting a changing opponent. The efficacy of the treatment was judged as good or very good by 75.0% (0.1% azelastine treatment), 74.1% (0.02% azelastine treatment) and 50.0% (placebo treatment) of patients. A., Dion, S. P., Buchholz, D. W., Imbiakha, B., Olmstead, A. D., Jager, M., Dsilets, A., Gao, G., Martins, M., Vandal, T., Thompson, C. A. H., Chin, A., Rees, W. D., Steiner, T., Nabi, I. R., Marsault, E., Sahler, J., Diel, D. G., . March 31, 2023 - An antiviral therapy in early development has the potential to prevent COVID-19 infections when given as a nasal spray as little as 4 hours before exposure. J. Med. Early intervention with azelastine nasal spray may reduce viral load in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Bioinformation 16, 236244. A TMPRSS2 inhibitor acts as a pan-SARS-CoV-2 prophylactic and therapeutic. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Boots cold and flu nasal spray that costs just 6 could stop - The Sun In animal models, by directly inactivating the virus,TriSb92 offers immediate and robust protection against coronavirus infection and severe COVID, said Anna R. Mkel, PhD, lead author of the study and a senior scientist in the Department of Virology at the University of Helsinki in Finland., Thestudy was published online March 24 in Nature Communications.. COVID-19 nasal sprays may one day prevent and treat infection - ABC About 388 participants were included in the study Unlike a COVID vaccine that boosts a persons immune system as protection, the antiviral nasal spray works more directly by blocking the virus, acting as a "biological mask in the nasal cavity," according to, One of these smaller antibodies is being developed, to develop synthetic nanobodies; and in a third case, researchers isolated nanobodies. Intranasal proteins could protect against COVID-19 variants All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines, and the principles of Good Clinical Practice and the Declaration of Helsinki were adhered to. Both descriptive and exploratory statistics were performed. The investigators judged the efficacy as good or very good in 74.1% (0.1% azelastine treatment), 82.1% (0.02% azelastine treatment) and 73.1% (placebo treatment) of treated patients. Both have the allure of being variant-proof, Topol added., Many laboratories are shifting from treatments using monoclonal antibodies to treatments using smaller antibody fragments called "nanobodies" because they are more cost-effective and are able to last longer in storage, Mkel and colleagues noted., Several of these nanobodies have shown promise against viruses in cell culture or animal models, including as an intranasal preventive treatment for SARS-CoV-2.. 19(10), 16. D.G., C.S. For calibration purposes of quantitative assessments, reference samples were included with each PCR run. Der deutsche SF-36 health survey bersetzung und psychometrische testung eines krankheitsbergreifenden instruments zur erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen lebensqualitt. Prevention is the best medicine, and COVID-19 vaccines block most SARS-CoV-2 infections. performed and supervised sample processing and viral load measurements. A research study at Swansea University is examining the efficacy of Boots Dual Defence - a 5.99 nasal spray containing seaweed - in preventing people becoming ill with Covid and reducing the . Early intervention with azelastine nasal sprays reduces viral load in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Duration of culturable SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized patients with covid-19. Pharmaceutics 14, 2059. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102059 (2022). SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in nasopharyngeal swabs were determined by quantitative RT-PCR using the cobas SARS-CoV-2 Test on the cobas 6800 system (Roche Diagnostic, Mannheim, Germany). 3). Lee, K. (2022, April 27). Soft mist inhalers are propellant-free devices that are slightly larger than conventional metered dose inhalers.
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